PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SELF-MEDICATION FOR ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS

Summary

Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) represent some of the most prevalent illnesses globally [1]. In Ukraine, during the 2024–2025 season, more than 4.6 million cases of influenza and ARVI were reported, with only 12.8% of patients seeking medical care [2]. This indicates the widespread use of self-medication, which may be linked to the mildness of symptoms, the availability of over-the-counter medications, limited confidence in healthcare professionals, and additional contributing factors. Given the ongoing risks associated with antibiotic resistance and related complications, continued research in this field remains highly significant. To evaluate the prevalence and attributes of self-medication practices for ARVI within the population, examine awareness regarding associated risks, analyze attitudes toward healthcare professionals, and identify factors influencing the decision to seek medical advice. An anonymous online survey was administered via the Google Forms platform, engaging 112 participants representing a range of age groups. Among respondents, 46.4% reported regularly self-medicating for ARVI, while another 29.5% indicated they did so occasionally. The most frequently addressed symptoms were sore throat (77.7%), runny nose (74.1%), and fever (73.2%). Respondents mainly relied on folk remedies (73.2%) and over-the-counter medications (60.7%) for treatment. A positive experience was reported by 88.4% of respondents, while 7.1% reported complications. The decision to forgo medical consultation was predominantly linked to the perceived mildness of symptoms (56.3%) and previous successful experiences with self-medication (48.2%). Only 17.9% of respondents fully trust healthcare professionals, while 74.1% are well aware of the risks of self-medication. The primary factors that could motivate individuals to seek medical assistance are shorter waiting periods and enhanced confidence in healthcare professionals.