Teimuraz Adeishvili; David Tchiotashvili; Nana Berdzenishvili

doi:10.36074/grail-of-science.21.08.2026.018

ECONOMIC EFFECTS AND ECOLOGICAL CHALLENGES OF GLOBALISATION IN GEORGIA

Authors

Teimuraz Adeishvili Academy of Ecological Sciences of Georgia, Georgia
David Tchiotashvili Gori State University, Georgia; Academy of Ecological Sciences of Georgia, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2500-6252
Nana Berdzenishvili Iakob Gogebashvili Telavi State University, Georgia; Academy of Ecological Sciences of Georgia, Georgia https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6651-9242

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36074/grail-of-science.21.08.2026.018

Keywords:

Globalization, Ecology, Economic effect, Environmental protection, Challenges of Georgia

Summary

Globalization is one of the main trends in the modern world economy, which, through integration, innovation and interdependence, shapes the socio-economic landscape of both developed and developing countries. The positive economic effects of globalization on Georgia are significant, including: increased investment, expansion of foreign trade, adoption of international technologies, record growth of the tourism sector, increased employment levels and diversification of the local market, which significantly contributes to the country's economic growth, acceleration of development rates and directly or indirectly strengthens the country's economic, financial and infrastructural potential. Nevertheless, the problem lies in the fact that global globalization poses a threat to the country's ecological environment, natural resources, and biodiversity. At the same time, such negative aspects as: degradation of ecosystems, intensification of agriculture, often uncontrolled deforestation, overexploitation of hydro reso urces, inefficient management of industrial waste, and the country's dependence on foreign capital represent significant challenges that often do not take into account full compliance with environmental standards. The paper analyzes the impact of globalization on the economy and environmental situation of Georgia, covering both positive and negative aspects. It is an analysis based on the reality of Georgia, which contributes to both the expansion of the academic sp ace and the better formulation of political and practical solutions to ensure environmental stability in the conditions of globalization.

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References

Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture of Georgia. www.mepa.gov.ge

Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development of Georgia www.economy.gov.ge

Ministry of finance of Georgia www.mof.gov.ge

National Statistics Office of Georgia www.geostat.ge

Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia www.traceca-org.org

The Middle Corridor Georgia’s Opportunity. georgiatoday.ge

Georgian National Tourism Administration. www.gnta.ge

Law of Georgia on the Environmental Assessment Code. www.parlament.ge

World Bank for European Reconstruction and Development. www.eeas.europa.eu

European Environment Agency (EEA) https://www.eea.europa.eu/

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) https://www.undp.org/

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). www.unece.org

World Travel & Tourism Council. https://wttc.org

Tchiotashvili, D. (2026). Impact of the tourism and hospitality industry on Georgia's biodiversity and ecological security. Scientific Collection «InterConf+», (71(302), 22–32. https://doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.07.2026.003

Adeishvili, T., Tchiotashvili, D., & Berdzenishvili, N. (2025). ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF MULTIMODAL MIDDLE CORRIDOR AND STRATEGIC ECOLOGICAL SECURITY CHALLENGES IN GEORGIA. Grail of Science, (55), 52–58. https://doi.org/10.36074/grail-of-science.22.08.2025.004